Python：收集IP信息-白红宇

下面通过两种方法实现收集IP信息

1、通过 ifconfig 命令输出IP信息，并以“\n\n”切片分成不同的网卡块

2、通过 ifconfig 命令输出IP信息，并以第一个字符在顶格的方式切片分成不同的网卡块

3、通过 ifconfig 命令输出IP信息，并用正则表达式来获得

# vim ip1.py

#!/usr/bin/env python

from subprocess import Popen, PIPE

def getIfconfig():

p = Popen(['ifconfig'], stdout=PIPE)

data = p.stdout.read().split('\n\n')

return [i for i in data if i and not i.startswith('lo')]

def parseIfconfig(data):

dic = {}

for lines in data:

line_list = lines.split('\n')

devname = line_list[0].split()[0]

macaddr = line_list[0].split()[-1]

ipaddr = line_list[1].split()[1].split(':')[1]

dic[devname] = [ipaddr, macaddr]

return dic

if __name__ == '__main__':

data = getIfconfig()

print parseIfconfig(data)

验证结果如下：

# vim ip2.py

#!/usr/bin/env python

from subprocess import Popen, PIPE

def getIP():

p = Popen(['ifconfig'], stdout=PIPE, stderr=PIPE)

stdout, stderr = p.communicate()

data = [i for i in stdout.split('\n') if i]

return data

def genIP(data):

new_line = ''

lines = []

for line in data:

if line[0].split():

lines.append(new_line)

new_line = line + '\n'

else:

new_line += line + '\n'

lines.append(new_line)

return [i for i in lines if i and not i.startswith('lo')]

def parseIfconfig(data):

dic = {}

for lines in data:

line_list = lines.split('\n')

devname = line_list[0].split()[0]

macaddr = line_list[0].split()[-1]

ipaddr = line_list[1].split()[1].split(':')[1]

dic[devname] = [ipaddr, macaddr]

return dic

if __name__ == '__main__':

data = getIP()

data_list = genIP(data)

print parseIfconfig(data_list)

验证结果如下：

# vim ip3.py

#!/usr/bin/env python

import re

from subprocess import Popen, PIPE

def getIfconfig():

p = Popen(['ifconfig'], stdout=PIPE)

data = p.stdout.read().split('\n\n')

return [i for i in data if i and not i.startswith('lo')]

def parseIfconfig(data):

re_devname = re.compile(r'(br|eth|em|virbr|lo|bound)[\d:]+',re.M)

re_mac = re.compile(r'HWaddr ([0-9A-F:]{17})',re.M)

re_ip = re.compile(r'inet addr:([\d\.]{7,15})',re.M)

devname = re_devname.search(data)

if devname:

devname = devname.group()

else:

devname = ''

mac = re_mac.search(data)

if mac:

mac = mac.group(1)

else:

mac = ''

ip = re_ip.search(data)

if ip:

ip = ip.group(1)

else:

ip = ''

return {devname: [ip, mac]}

if __name__ == '__main__':

dic = {}

data = getIfconfig()

for i in data:

dic.update(parseIfconfig(i))

print dic

验证结果如下：

可以看到三个方法的输出结果都是一样的字典，但是数据结构不同，第一种方法适合ifconfig命令执行后输出的网卡信息之间存在一个空行，第二种方法是系统比较通用的。第三种是通过正则方式来获得。

本文转自M四月天 51CTO博客，原文链接：http://blog.51cto.com/msiyuetian/1787992，如需转载请自行联系原作者